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CBS Sunday morning podcast is sponsored by Edward Joe college tours with your oldest daughter updating the kitchen to the appropriate decade retiring on the coast. Life is full of moments that matter and Edward Joe's helps you make the most of them. That's why every Edward Jones financial advisor works with you to build personalized strategies for now and down the road so when your next moment arrives bigger small, you're ready for it. Life is for living. Let's partner for all of it. Learn more@edwardjones.com good morning Jane Pauley and this is a special edition of Sunday morning changing minds about mental illness and ending its stigma is the mission of actress Glenn close as Tracy Smith will be telling us 15 years ago Jesse close confided in her sister Glenn that she wanted to die how close to think you were to losing her very close.

I never knew how close I many people who live with bipolar disorder are have deaths by suicide, change of plan closest campaign to rethink mental illness. Later on Sunday morning question for all our human minds to ponder. Could it be that animals are smarter than us, Martha, Tyson, or was more than happy to look into that certain stories are more fun than others, and what's not to like about a polite conversation.

Donna the elephant girl getting up close and personal with talkative dog's this Sunday morning. The pleasures of exploring the savants are people with remarkable mental powers that defy explanation with Susan Spencer this morning will meet a few. Alonzo Clemens is a savant.

He can't read or write or speak very clearly what you can make but watch this but you have never had an art lesson.

Never some on 12 1926 to 3 were two knives in my head on Sunday morning, March 2015 23 to braver asks if there's a link between art and madness face sale. He looks at the latest research into psychedelic drugs and altered states Tony to couple explores the connection between mind and hand and more coming up when our Sunday morning podcast continues. Mind matters special edition of Sunday morning here again is Jane Pauley the mental abilities of savants never fail to astonish throughout the morning. Susan Spencer will be introducing us to some remarkable people. Alonzo Clemens is able to work part time. Do you like your job at the Y but a childhood accident left him with a traumatic brain injury. He can't read or write, or do math. This is your studio were and yet astonishingly, he can do this when did you make him with you this past weekend as naturally as the rest of us breathe.

Alonzo can sculpt his meticulous creations feel his Boulder Colorado apartment is made hundreds of them all with his bare hands. When you make an animal, what are you thinking about going around. You can see it running in the pasture. This is the clay and this is how you start every pizza he can't explain how he doesn't make horse but he loves to show you how.

Just use your finger. We watched him work out every detail from the main to the muscles, all with apparent ease. Is Alonzo a savant question psychiatrist Darrell Trevor is research director at the Trafford center in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin law and is a leading expert on savants of all ages, savants and rumors over what remarkable condition in which someone with disability striking ability. Stark contrast to overall preferences. Alonzo is what's called an acquired savant. It's believed that his head injury somehow rewired his brain all damaging cognitive abilities, but freeing up extraordinary artistic gifts that took you 15 minutes at most. I could take 15 years and I couldn't do that.

Do you think Alonzo would be making horses today. If he never had that accident probably. He's an artist, Nancy Mason has worked as Alonzo's assistant for more than two decades.

What is it like for you when you watch him work. It's a joy blessing. I and in Alonzo's life as well. Can you imagine not doing this is admiring your own handiwork is a familiar expression containing an important truth about the mind. We handed this particular story to our Tony to Coble.

Are you the kind of person who actually likes washing dishes. How about folding laundry, yard works really well is having, and of course they occupy our hands. As it turns out, some researchers think that may be key to making our brains very happy made up. This term called behavior suitable pharmaceuticals, in the sense that when we moved to engage in activities we change the neurochemistry of our brain in ways that are a drug can change that working with your brain Kelly Lambert is a neuroscientist at the University of Richmond who says our brains have evolved toward us for getting a grip on the world, which is why that 19th-century doctors used prescribed knitting to women who are overwrought with anxiety because I sense that it calm them down so it sounds simplistic but when you think about repetitive movement is increasing certain neurochemicals that if you produce something a hot hat or scarf. There's the reward horse working with your hands is not always easy.

Just as Matthew Croft, four-time mechanic, Virginia others literally boredom usually is proffered prefers some mixing cards. What he used to do as executive director of a think tank in Washington DC did your hands look like that. Probably not know clean but I was was always sleepy. I just there was no amount of coffee that could pick keep me awake in the garage using his hands.

Crawford finds it is mind goes into high gear and there are times when I crack some way were all like run over kick the garbage can. Just out of elation.

It was such a revelation. You wrote a best-selling book on the subject, which taps into the same attraction that makes reality shows like fortune fire top Chef project runway so popular you use one color with all glorify and if you're making something painting or cooking, putting things together using both hands a little bit more creative way, ways that the more engaging for the parade, something a lot of us crave especially now as fewer of us do much at all with our hands. As of 2015 jobs requiring social and analytical skills, desk jobs had increased 94% from 1980. While jobs requiring physical skills went up a mere 12% that has Kelly Lambert concerned me to sit there and we trust you start to lose a sense of control over your environment. She's been using rodents to study the hand brain connection. Lambert says that rats made to dig for reward showed greater signs of mental health when compared to what she calls her trust fund. Rats got a pass on doing any physical work we took animal that was really into the environment and we just gave them their rewards without having to work for the stress hormones were not high. They lost all of their benefit. So turn ourselves in the trust fund rest scared we are. Yes, few of us arise in touch with our hands is sorry a form in her Brooklyn studio. She creates stunningly realistic portraits of iceberg, all with the tips of her fingers. I always just started using my hands from an early age and I think that something very personal about feeling the pigment myself with my hands and moving around and in a way that is a part of me as the artist into each piece that I make. Yes I do okay what I made was much more than this much now just around what I felt while doing it was something my brain truly appreciate this is how many calories have you been in three galleries at the moment.

Artist George Weidner could spend countless hours only counting 512 1926 and counting and counting. You get the idea, and so on is ours is awash in numbers and dates and days and so is his head. If you look at August 1968 August 7 1421 28 or Wednesdays.

Pardon George is what's known as a calendar savant. What exactly is a calendar slot savant expert Dr. Darrell Trafford owner savants are able to identify with. We will particular the fall on in the past were in the future. Your theory is that this is just prewired at the factory. If it will affect reinstalled factory installed ability. Most of us need Google George needs a few seconds.

Let me throw a few dates that you hear.

His skill is so remarkable that you really do have to see it to believe it. December 2, 2018. December 2, 2010 Sunday, January 3, 2015 January 3, 2015 looks like a Saturday Valentine's Day 1956 Tuesday that's my sister's birthday.

Okay, when is Christmas next on Wednesday 2019. Looks like you haven't missed one yet.

We moved on to the celebrity bonus round. Elvis died August 16, 1977 and that was a Tuesday. Luciana Pavarotti was born October 12, 1930 5/1235 Saturday Pres. Lincoln February 12, 1809 Sunday indeed. When George produces a date. Is this a conscious thought into it. If you don't need to think about. It appears George is a high functioning savant able to live independently and he is doing quite well doing the stuff love doing this at the Manhattan gallery where we met him. His heart cells quickly for tens of thousands of dollars, but George seems happiest about something far more fundamental.

It's been wonderful that I've been able to use you know what's inside of me and to feel like I have a useful purpose. Daisy pats often so much.

It's easy to be convinced there lost and profound important thought. So just what they think we asked our resident animal lover Martha Teicher to investigate the Boston terrier is trying to figure out how to get the treat hidden inside this what's going on in his mind if somebody asks you is my dog smart like a human is smart, how do you answer that question. I may what what's involved there. It's not fair or even correct to compare dog intelligence to human intelligence real question is what is a dog about seven years ago, Dr. Gregory Burns, a neuroscientist at Emory University had an idea if he could train dogs to hold still in an MRI of big if he could get some answers ruffles here is living proof done is one of more than 100 dogs who've taken part in MRI experiments involving everything from facial recognition, self-control, ruffles is being shown to toys and nose giraffe means treat whale no treat, but what about photographs of the toys. That's the reward center of the brain right where it is in human the point to find out if truffles reacts to the toys in the same way. This is another dogs skin. It's too soon to say is just one dog but what that tells me is not literally seeing the two equivalently seem to know the one is a photograph and when Israel brought not to be out done by a dog hide Donna a 34-year-old the Oakland California zoo makes the connection between a picture of a banana.

Her trainer shows her in the real thing that's important because if you can imagine object in your mind that means you can think about that object and plan around that object does Donna understand that that picture of the banana represents a real banana.

That means that she can imagine that in her mind, Caitlin O'Connell Broadwell is an animal communication expert who studies elephants and teaches at Stanford University. The elephant has the largest brain per body size bigger than if size matters and it does appear that size matters than elephants could possibly be smarter than us elephants are so much like us watching them caring about each other, watching their politics, elephant politics LES elephant, tics. As for communication, elephants understand us better than we understand them but behaviors. Donna was taught to aid in her own care led to the test. That's what's so exciting about these cognitive experiments with Donna is that we can now ask her a lot of different questions done understands English, you're a real treat machine.

There's probably a lot more that she understands about language. Then we've figured out how to ask her thanks to technology, researchers are beginning to decide dolphin language. The troops and clicks that come from their blowholes looked at how mothers would retrieve their Which we can ask them to do IQ. Jill Richardson is a scientist at the University of Miami's Rosenstiel school of Marine and atmospheric science. Her work at the Dalton's plus sanctuary, Key Largo, Florida, is involved in identifying each individuals signature whistle which is like its name to see the hand keel that the chairs getting in thing is emitting a call.

A variation of the mother's own whistle mom and around thing like Jell-O come for dinner and then I Respond. It's like having the first and last name exactly like it's another big trouble and I really think were scratching the surface chatty. The next step really is and is learning how they might string acoustic signals together in different ways to have different meanings like syntax speaking sentences. These dolphins obey more than 50 this hand signal means create whatever you want to have the Dalton's taught you about humans, I think thing is that maybe were not as smart as we think in my eyes to how we put some constraints on our understanding of intelligence when it might be this much more colorful and broad experience for these animals intelligence. We estimate because we don't know when. Next, it became obvious to me that we have to talk about Glenn close changing minds about mental illness when it comes to changing minds about mental illness and ending its stigma.

Few people are more motivated than actress Glenn close. She's been talking to Tracy Smith. I your role in fatal attraction is one of your most memorable roles yes and outsource is considered one of the great villains of all time of the 20th century use. This can go on and on and he face up to responsibility. In 1987. Blockbuster actress Glenn close portrayed a woman scorned because you change a number to be no after an affair with a married man played by Michael Douglas.

Looking back on that role. Now I'm always amazed when I was researching all no one brought up the idea that she might have a mental disorder.

No one said you might have a behavior triggered by something in her past. I think if I was offered that script today. I would certainly look at it totally from a totally different point of view.

That's because today Glenn close know something she didn't back then that mental illness runs in her own family. Her nephew Kalin has schizophrenia and Glenn sister Jesse has bipolar disorder. How long did you struggle with mental illness before you were diagnosed my whole life until I was diagnosed at 51 it wasn't taken seriously. I live very fast and wildlife so nobody suspected anything they just attributed it to me. That's how I was stay up for two nights and then I would think I need at least a few hours sleep on the third night, which of course kicks in depression and depression for me was beyond the blackness it was wanting to die. I had this voice in my head that would just not leave me alone saying kill yourself, kill yourself to leaders over, over and over in 2003, a frightened Jesse confided her suicidal thoughts to her sister and they got help how close to think you were to losing her very close. I never knew how close many people who live with bipolar disorder have deaths by suicide. The sisters say Jesse's treatment was successful because Jesse wanted help, but they also say, far too many people are still suffering in silence and when I became an advocate I realize that it is a family affair for one in four of us wanting for yes is touched in some way by mental illness.

So it became obvious to me that we have to talk about change of thinking led just start a foundation in 2010 bring change to mind creates multimedia campaign and holds events to get people to talk about mental health support of family and friends for life. It's time to talk about mental illness start the conversation to let those that might feel marginalized or silenced by state to become part of the group and accepted will save lives. Do you think your saving lives. Yes, we have a very very wonderfully active community and bring change to mind our whole social network and you come into a community of people that have lived with what you were living with and understand what you're going to bring change to mind also focuses on college and high school students age group with the highest prevalence of mental illness in the subject of recent headlines. It seems like we usually hear about mental illness with connected violence in the school shooting in Florida. Does that present an accurate picture biggest majority of people living with mental illness are more preyed upon than praying upon, but it does seem to be that somebody does one of these terrible acts is suffering from some sort of mental disorder. The answer she says is more reliable funding for mental health care, and maybe a little more care for each other. A lot of times, a lot of isolation goes on, which is dangerous to be aware of how connected we truly are and if one is one connection is broken and the terrible repercussions so we can't afford to ignore. And to think of somebody else's problem.

Glenn close and her sister Jesse say they'll keep working until mental illness is seen as just what it is another part of being human. I never got bunches of roses.

When I got home from the hospital.

If I had had a heart operation. I'm sure all my friends that have been there with food and flowers, people behaving strangely or badly is not considered an illness is it is is just an illness six so-called mushrooms have played their part in America's long strange trip toward an understanding of mind altering drugs illegal, though most of these drugs may be sailing tells us. Recent research suggests some of them could have legitimate uses Celexa, Effexor, Zoloft, trazodone, Waldman is no stranger to drugs will let you throw Wellbutrin.

Oh my goodness they are diagnosed with a mood disorder. This author and mother of four had tried everything I was profoundly profoundly depressed, suicidally depressed. As bad as it ever been like that in my life. That's when she turned to a drug that might blow your mind that the first time to try asset that's right LSD in secret. Waldman actually began taking a minuscule amount every three days.

It's called Mike reducing it's a controversial, yet growing trend among the Silicon Valley crowd but for her.

She says it worked.

You don't hallucinate. You don't see anything unusual, but it just as I can describe it a little more careful and a little more effective at work like a little more productive, so productive, in fact she wrote a book about her mind altering experiment, and most importantly her suicidal thoughts disappeared, but there is a catch. After a month she ran out of the small supply she gotten hold of. Why did you stop my courtesy because it's illegal.

If it weren't illegal. I would still be doing taking LSD, even a micro dose of it is still against the law and potentially dangerous, but Once upon a time, LSD, and psychedelics like it were considered potential wonder drugs throughout the 40s, 50s and into the 60s. Scientists studied them to understand mental disorders like schizophrenia, and to treat anxiety, depression and alcoholism. But when the drugs left the lab then started hitting the streets, and Timothy Leary preached to drop out bad trips and even worse headlines that followed changed their reputation and then this nation faces a major crisis in terms of the increasing use of drugs, particularly among our young people. The controlled substance act led to a more than three decades long ban on all psychedelic research since 2003. However, the FDA has allowed for a few clinical trials of illegal hallucinogens. Drugs like psilocybin psychedelic ingredient found in so-called magic mushrooms trials done in a safe, controlled setting, of course, do not try this at home. This is the couch where people have the experience of this is a very special couch magic coach in 2016 Tony bosses of New York University, along with researchers at Johns Hopkins University published their findings of what a one time dose of silicide and continue to treat anxiety and depression in cancer patients in this study, anxiety and depression reduced dramatically. Immediately after the experience. Just wanted this terrible daily anxiety go away Dina Bays or beat ovarian cancer back in 2010, but the fear of it returning, convinced her to volunteer for the study. In this treatment room. She was given the psilocybin and her life changing trip began. I saw my fear was a black mass under my ribs wasn't cancer it was the theater itself was just I was recently school to get out and since I did that was gone when the drug war off the anxiety about her cancer returning was gone still is what remains she says is the powerful memory of that symbolic experience medicine to take once other system a few hours but generates a 3 to 4 our incredible transcendent experience is the memory of that experience that recalibrate how they view life and death in their existence and very spiritual insights if all that sounds a bit far out have shown psychedelics may increase connectivity among different regions of the brain areas that normally don't communicate with each other. Maybe it's time to take a sober, careful scientific look at these medicines to revisit of the other health of a safe, effective, with more clinical trials on the horizon. Researchers hope to open more minds about the potential of psychedelic drugs. One trip at a time. I own and Steve Kuhn are have been happily married for 42 years, but into thousand 13 I got some shattering news. She was diagnosed at 57 and the diagnosis was early onset of devastating for both of us for the past six years. Steve has watched.

I own gradually lose her grasp on much of daily life the way you did this, but to his amazement, he is also seen her gain something entirely unexpected.

Tell me about this one for my own has started painting. Colors like colors yes something the former dental assistant had never even thought about doing before her illness. Once I finish one I want to start another one and finish that start another one. This almost seems to be an obsession. It is her new occupation neurologist Bruce Miller directs the UCSF memory and aging Center in San Francisco. He's uncovered an unexpected and remarkable connection between savants and dementia patients who like I own.

Suddenly exhibit new talents so they would have trouble communicating but they could pick up a paintbrush and paint yes some of the most beautiful art I've ever seen has come out of my patients with degenerative diseases over here is some painting by Jack Dr. Miller's office is a small gallery of his patients artwork and this is somebody also would never painted before never even stepped into an art museum in his research, Dr. Miller compared brain scans of dementia patients with those of a child savant. We are seeing the same pattern of loss of function on the left side of the brain, increase function in the right posterior parts of the brain.

The parts that allow us to take something visual in her mind and put it on the campus's conclusion in these rare dementia patients so-called acquired savants the disease that destroys some brain areas activates others unlocking hidden talent while fairly exciting stuff very much is humanize my patience for me.

Faced with an uncertain future.

I own seems to find solace in her art and her paintings are still full of life.

15 years ago to know does the brain ever cease to amaze you.

Never ever one increasingly popular method of mental relaxation leave psychologist Adam Grant out in the cold. I'm being stalked by meditation evangelists. The approach like a football fan attacking Acadia tailgate party.

They ask which method of meditation do you use when I admit that I don't meditate there stunned if I could just claim the earth is flat, how could you not meditate.

I've nothing against it. Just find it dreadfully boring, but Steve Jobs meditated, yet he also did LSD try that to meditation is exploding in popularity, schools and workplaces are offering classes but a recent study concluded that the scientists body and an analysis of 47 meditation programs in a major medical Journal zero evidence that meditation was better than exercise or relaxation. And consider this if your goal is to reduce stress.

Remember the stress response can be healthy. It's a signal that you're facing a challenge and it can help you rise to that challenge. When psychologist told anxious people.

It was perfectly normal to feel stressed before an impromptu speech.

They relaxed physiologically. If your goal is to become more mindful there are other ways to focus on the present world filled with distractions. I think we need more planned laziness that just means being thoughtful about how you spend your downtime. There's evidence that watching TV you can restore your energy channel surfing doesn't do the trick. You actually need to immerse yourself in a show which is why only turn on the TV. What I already know what I want to watch. So if you want to become less stressed or more mindful you don't have to sit and say you can reflect writing a journal shot with a thoughtful friend, good quality sleep and exercise read a novel. Listen to podcasts. Meditation isn't snake oil. If you're judging people for not meditating.

It's pretty clear that meditation hasn't made you mindful yet.

Next time you meet people who choose not to meditate. Just take a deep breath and let us relax and peace. I'm Jane Pauley. Thank you for listening and please join us again next Sunday morning with Richard Gere this week. Stephen Long live Mitch McConnell in one of Washington's biggest midterm monument list for me to set races you think Republicans have the best chance of taking a democratic seed with Nevada not Georgia. Georgia is right up there with New Hampshire's products New Hampshire people really just kind of don't like you have for more from this week's conversation, follow the take out with Maj. Garrett on Apple podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts